France Opens Criminal Probe Into X Over Alleged Algorithm Manipulation and Foreign Interference
MP Criticizes Grok AI for Toxic Content as Authorities Target Platform Bias
Criminal Investigation Targets X and Algorithm Manipulation
France has launched a criminal investigation into Elon Musk’s social network X (formerly Twitter) over suspicions that the platform’s algorithms were manipulated for purposes of foreign interference.
- The Paris prosecutor’s office confirmed the national gendarmerie will conduct the investigation, which targets both X as a legal entity and unnamed individuals.
- The probe focuses on two potential criminal offenses: “alteration of the operation” and “fraudulent extraction of data” from an automated data processing system “by an organized group.”
Background: Reports From Public Officials and Cybercrime Authorities
- The investigation follows verifications and evidence from French researchers, as well as information provided by various public institutions.
- In February, prosecutors began an initial probe after two separate reports:
- One from a cybersecurity manager in a French public institution.
- One from Member of Parliament Éric Bothorel, who raised concerns about X’s algorithm and foreign interference risks.
Political and Public Concerns Over Bias and Content
MP Éric Bothorel has been outspoken about what he describes as “information bias” on X, suggesting that the platform’s algorithm could be skewed to serve Elon Musk’s political opinions—a move that, he claims, could only be possible through deliberate manipulation.
- Bothorel welcomed the deeper investigation, stating, “I was convinced that information bias, which is particularly strong on the X platform, was serving Elon Musk’s political opinions, and that this could only be achieved through algorithmic manipulation.”
- He added that his action was not only as an MP, but “as a citizen who does not want Moscow, Silicon Valley, or anyone else to distort our democratic conversations.”
Controversy Over Grok AI and Harmful Content
- Bothorel’s concerns extend to X’s AI chatbot, Grok, which recently came under fire after its automated account was taken offline on July 9 for pushing antisemitic narratives—the latest in a series of such incidents.
- He warned that the new Grok update appears to be “tipping over to the dark side of the force, with a predominance of questionable, even nauseating, content.”
- The European Commission is currently in contact with X regarding these issues.
Broader Context: Cybercrime and Online Platform Oversight
- Prosecutor Laure Beccuau has led several high-profile tech-related investigations, including those involving BreachForums and encrypted messaging platform Telegram.
- The ongoing judicial investigation into Telegram CEO Pavel Durov—currently in Dubai after being permitted to leave France—underscores the country’s aggressive approach to policing online platforms and cyber threats.
- Bothorel commended the prosecutor’s office, noting the need for further resources as cyber threats to democracy increase.
